The Web suffers a fundamental problem. Search is a symptom of it. Surfing is a symptom of it. Even the website itself is a symptom of it. The problem is that content is organized for you, in advance. Pre-packaged content is like ordering off the menu at a restaurant. Sometimes it’s convenient, sometimes it’s just what you want, but many times, it’s a difficult choice to make. The Web wants to become made-to-order.
Search certainly helps. If I want to order off the menu, it’s great to have access to lots of restaurants and lots of menus. User-generated content is great, too, if you like to cook. But I don’t want to access content or create content, I want to consume it to get stuff done.
No one retrieves content for the sake of retrieving content; they have a deeper purpose in mind. “I need to create a report for my boss.” “I need to plan a trip for my family.” “I want to be entertained.” We’re task-oriented. All the intervening steps amount to the bill, tax, and gratuity. And since most tasks require us to visit many different sites, the overall cost is extraordinary.
A made-to-order Web would spare us these costs. If you’re ordering a specific task, much of the legwork can be delegated to machines. Computers are becoming increasingly adept at analytical tasks. They can break down content into bite-size pieces for our consumption. They are also capable of synthetic tasks, building the content back up into new forms. These types of analysis and synthesis tasks enable made-to-order.
People grudgingly accept pre-packaged content as a necessary evil. It’s just commonsense: if you want to share information, you need to organize it. If you want someone to understand your message, you need to compose it. If you want someone to shop at your store, you need to stock the shelves. But technology often challenges our common sense. We’re witnessing that now.
The emerging technical infrastructure of the Web wants to support made-to-order. Semantic technologies provide exciting possibilities for moving content beyond search into the realm of consumption, to getting stuff done. Semantics provide a layer of meaning that is quite literally the data of content consumption. But to fulfill that promise, we need to imagine new ways for people to experience the Internet.
There is a huge difference between what the Web is now and how we might experience it. The Web is a great metaphor for a massively distributed computing platform, linked documents and data. But it’s a terrible metaphor for consumers’ experience of it. Webs catch food for spiders to eat. And anyone who’s wrestled with the pre-packaged Web, searching, surfing, meandering across dozens of websites to get simple tasks done, knows what it’s like to be caught in the Web.
We see it so often in our history, the application of new technologies to old ways of doing things. It’s like taking a steam engine and hooking it up to a water wheel. In hindsight, it seems ridiculous that we just didn’t simplify things. We need to de-couple the steam engine of semantic technologies from the water wheel of content.
My colleagues and I just attended the 2008 Semantic Technology Conference. One of the recurring messages was that semantic technologies are mostly supportive, connective tissue in the service of other activities. This has a very “steam engine attached to the water wheel” feel to it. Semantic data is consumable, the stuff of meaning. There’s no question that it can provide powerful support to existing activities, but it also opens important new vistas.
Over the next several months, we’ll be taking the covers off Primal Fusion and sharing our initial explorations in this area. We want to simplify things through a more meaningful, made-to-order Web. If you’re interested in following our activities, subscribe to this blog or check out our friends and teammates. Most importantly, please consume it: post your comments and send us your thoughts!
Hi Primal Fusion,
Welcome to the realm of Web Semantics.
As a welcoming piece of advice I would say, remember to exploit the “data by reference” methodology that the Linked Data Web gives us.
If you need any advice then please do come ask, I’ll be happy to help.
Talk to you soon,
Daniel Lewis
I just submitted this question to RPI’s “TetherlessWorld” conference (http://tw.rpi.edu), and i think it may be relevant to the approach you are developing.
Is the “semantic web” to be designed only for knowledge, or also for hypothesis, speculation, expression and personal meanings?
The “semantic web” is an approach to adding a layer of “meaning” to web resources. The dilemmas and problems in developing this layer of meaning seem focused on accuracy and knowledge – regardless of whether the semantic representation is an ontology or a folksonomy/folksology. The public nature of meaning is assumed to dictate a public consensus on meaning. But just as the “known” meaning of words is only the starting point of their use, so also the semantic web may need a broader view of semantics, in order to allow it to become a medium for personal expression
Daniel, thanks for the welcome, and we’ll take you up on your kind offer of assistance. We’re excited at the prospects for integrating with linked data as broadly as possible. We’re trying to sort out the logistics for LinkedData Planet in NYC. Hopefully we’ll see you there.
Bob, that’s a good question. Personally, I think the semweb approach is designed to link data. What that data encodes is wide open. But you’ve hit on the aspect of semantics that really intrigues us: How do you represent personal and individually relevant semantics? Clearly, “meanings” that are universal and consensus-driven merely scratch the surface of our collective knowledge. Are personal semantics and collective knowledge mutually exclusive?
Thanks for the feedback.
I see personal semantics and collective knowledge as mutually inclusive. Collective knowledge is the denotative meaning of words, while personal semantics are the deepest connotative meaning. The meaning in between is an indistinguishable mutation to the other, making the two inseparable.
Without collective knowledge, there would be no denotative meaning and hence no common ground for us to communicate on. We could not learn language without the consensus of words and people to communicate with. Our personal semantics would not evolve beyond primitive thought without that collective knowledge to link us together.
On the other hand, without personal semantics, connotative meaning would be just an infinite dissection of denotative meaning, and hence change in the common knowledge would be impossible. However, one person’s personal semantics can spread to other people, until a word’s denotative meaning changes. For example, 800 years ago the word ‘gay’ meant happy; now it means homosexual (http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=gay&searchmode=none). Somewhere along the way, personal semantics spread until it changed the collective knowledge.
Also, new words are only possible when someone’s personal semantics forms into a word that interacts with other personal semantics until it solidifies into having a denotative meaning. So there would be no collective knowledge of semweb without first personal semantics.
[...] creating content, machines automate the heavy lifting. Consumers simply push the buttons and get stuff done. Think spinning wheels versus textile [...]
[...] creating content, machines automate the heavy lifting. Consumers simply push the buttons and get stuff done. Think spinning wheels versus textile [...]